Tables
Reference tables and charts computed by the calculators: every number comes from the same formula as the calculator it links to.
Conversions
- Centimeters to inches chartCentimeters to inches from 1 to 200 cm, based on the exact definition 1 inch = 2.54 cm. Pick 1 cm steps or 5 cm steps.
- Kg to lb chartKilograms to pounds from 1 to 200 kg, using the exact pound of 0.45359237 kg. Body weights and luggage at a glance.
- Celsius to Fahrenheit chartCelsius to Fahrenheit from −40 °C to 300 °C: weather, body temperature and cooking. Formula °F = °C × 9/5 + 32.
- Km to miles chartKilometers to miles from 1 to 500 km, with the exact mile of 1.609344 km. Race distances, road signs and trip lengths.
- Meters to feet chartMeters to feet from 1 to 500 m, using the exact foot of 0.3048 m. Room sizes, building heights and elevations.
- Liters to gallons chartLiters to US gallons from 1 to 1,000 L, with the exact US gallon of 3.785411784 L. Fuel, water tanks and containers.
- Grams to ounces chartGrams to ounces from 5 g to 2 kg for recipes, postage and portions, using the exact avoirdupois ounce (1/16 lb).
- Cups to ml chartUS cups to milliliters from ¼ cup to 6 cups in quarter-cup steps, for recipes written in American measures.
- Oven temperature conversion chartOven temperatures from 200 °F to 550 °F in Celsius and gas mark, with the usual name for each heat level, from very slow to very hot.
- Km/h to mph chartKilometers per hour to miles per hour from 10 to 200 km/h, for speed limits, driving abroad and car speedometers.
- Square feet to square meters chartSquare feet to square meters from 10 to 5,000 ft² for rooms, apartments and houses, using 1 ft² = 0.09290304 m².
- Acres to hectares chartAcres to hectares from 1 to 1,000 acres for land, farms and lots, using the exact acre of 4,046.8564224 m².
- Mm to inches chartMillimeters to inches from 1 to 300 mm for tools, hardware, screens and rainfall, using 1 inch = 25.4 mm exactly.
- Inch fractions to mm chartInch fractions from 1/16 to 1 inch, then whole inches to 12, in decimal inches and millimeters. Handy for drill bits, wrenches and lumber.
- Feet to meters chartFeet to meters from 1 to 1,000 ft for heights, rooms and altitude, using the exact foot of 0.3048 m.
- Yards to meters chartYards to meters from 1 to 500 yd for fabric, sports fields and golf distances, using the exact yard of 0.9144 m.
- Stone to kg chartStone to kilograms from 6 to 25 stone in half-stone steps, for body weights given in the British style.
- Fluid ounces to ml chartUS fluid ounces to milliliters from 1 to 128 fl oz for drinks, bottles and recipes. 128 fl oz make one US gallon.
- Tablespoons to ml chartUS tablespoons to milliliters from ½ to 16 tbsp, for sauces, oils and baking. 16 tablespoons make one US cup.
- Teaspoons to ml chartUS teaspoons to milliliters from ¼ to 10 tsp in quarter-teaspoon steps, for baking, spices and liquid medicine doses.
- PSI to bar chartPSI to bar from 1 to 300 psi for tire pressure, compressors and pressure washers, from the exact definition of the pound-force.
- kPa to psi chartKilopascals to psi from 10 to 400 kPa, the range of tire pressures printed on Canadian and European door placards.
- Joules to calories chartJoules to calories from 10 to 10,000 J, using the thermochemical calorie of exactly 4.184 J. Same factor for kJ to kcal.
- Horsepower to kW chartMechanical horsepower to kilowatts from 1 to 1,000 hp for engines, motors and generators. 1 hp = 550 ft·lbf/s.
- Newton-meters to pound-feet chartTorque from newton-meters to pound-feet, 1 to 400 N·m, for lug nuts, torque wrenches and engine specs.
- MPG to L/100km chartUS miles per gallon to liters per 100 km from 10 to 49 mpg, to compare fuel economy across US and metric window stickers.
- Knots to km/h chartKnots to kilometers per hour from 5 to 200 kn for boats, aircraft and wind speed. One knot is one nautical mile per hour.
- Kelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit chartKelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit side by side from absolute zero to 300 °C, with freezing, body and boiling points.
- Cubic meters to cubic feet chartCubic meters to cubic feet from 1 to 1,000 m³ for shipping, moving trucks, rooms and concrete, using the exact foot.
- Cubic yards to cubic meters chartCubic yards to cubic meters from ½ to 500 yd³ for concrete, topsoil, mulch and gravel orders.
- kWh to BTU chartKilowatt-hours to BTU from 1 to 1,000 kWh, to compare electricity with gas, oil and heating equipment ratings.
- KB, MB, GB, TB conversion chartStorage sizes from KB to PB in bytes, decimal (1,000) versus binary (1,024) units, and why a 1 TB drive shows less in your computer.
Money
- Mortgage payment tableMonthly mortgage payment by loan amount ($200,000 to $800,000) and rate (4% to 7%), over 15, 20, 25 or 30 years.
- Tip chartTip for bills from $10 to $200 at 10%, 15%, 18%, 20% and 25%, per person when the bill is split.
- Car loan payment chartMonthly car loan payment for $10,000 to $60,000 over 36 to 84 months, at rates from 4% to 12%.
- Amortization schedule exampleYear-by-year amortization schedule of a 25-year loan: principal paid, interest paid and remaining balance, for loans of $100,000 to $600,000.
- Compound interest tableHow a lump sum grows with compound interest over 0 to 40 years at 2% to 10% a year, compounded monthly.
- Rule of 72 chartYears to double your money at 1% to 24% a year: the rule of 72 estimate next to the exact doubling time.
- How much to save per month to reach a goalMonthly savings needed to reach $5,000 to $500,000 in 1 to 30 years, with 0% to 6% interest compounded monthly.
- Credit card payoff chartMonths to pay off a credit card balance of $1,000 to $20,000 with a fixed monthly payment of $50 to $500, at APRs from 12% to 30%.
- Inflation purchasing power tableWhat $100, $1,000 or $10,000 will be worth in today's money after 1 to 40 years of inflation at 2% to 7% a year.
- 4% rule retirement withdrawal tableFirst-year retirement income from a $250,000 to $3,000,000 portfolio at withdrawal rates of 3% to 5%, including the 4% rule.
- 15-year vs 30-year mortgage comparisonMonthly payment and total interest of a 15-year and a 30-year mortgage for $200,000 to $800,000 at 4% to 7%.
- How much mortgage can I afford by incomeMaximum mortgage for a $50,000 to $250,000 gross income at 4% to 7%, using the 39% GDS and 44% TDS debt service ratios.
- Down payment chartDown payment at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% for home prices from $200,000 to $1,500,000.
- How much rent can I afford by incomeMaximum monthly rent for a gross annual income of $30,000 to $150,000 at 25%, 30% and 35% of income.
- Student loan payment chartMonthly student loan payment for balances of $10,000 to $100,000 over 5 to 25 years, at rates from 3% to 8%.
- Personal loan payment chartMonthly payment on a personal loan of $1,000 to $50,000 over 1 to 7 years, at rates from 6% to 30%.
- Total loan interest tableTotal interest paid on a $5,000 to $100,000 loan by rate (3% to 20%) and term (1 to 10 years), with fixed monthly payments.
- APR to APY conversion tableAPY (effective annual rate) for APRs from 1% to 30%, compounded semiannually, quarterly, monthly or daily.
- Simple vs compound interestBalance of $1,000 to $100,000 with simple interest and with compound interest, side by side, over 1 to 40 years at 3% to 10%.
- Monthly investing growth chartWhat investing $100 to $2,000 a month grows to after 5 to 40 years, at annual returns from 4% to 10%.
- How much to save per month to be a millionaire by ageMonthly savings needed to reach $1,000,000 by age 60, 65, 67 or 70, depending on the age you start and a 4% to 10% return.
- Savings account interest calculator tableInterest earned in one year on $1,000 to $100,000 in a savings account at 0.5% to 5%, compounded monthly.
- GIC and CD returns tableInterest earned on a $5,000 to $100,000 GIC or CD over 6 months to 10 years, at rates from 3% to 5% compounded yearly.
- Hourly to annual salary chartHourly wage from $15 to $100 converted to weekly, monthly and annual pay, for 20 to 40 hours a week over 52 weeks.
- Biweekly vs monthly mortgage paymentsInterest saved and years cut by paying half the monthly payment every two weeks, for loans of $100,000 to $1,000,000 at 4% to 7%.
Taxes
- Sales tax by province in Canada (GST, PST, QST, HST)GST, PST, QST and HST rates for every Canadian province and territory, the combined rate and the tax on a $100 purchase.
- Sales tax by stateBase state sales tax rate for all 50 US states, before county and city taxes, and the state tax on a $100 purchase.
- VAT rates by countryStandard VAT rate in every EU country, the UK, Norway, Switzerland and other countries, with the price including VAT for 100 net.
- Price with Quebec taxes (GST + QST)Quebec GST (5%) and QST (9.975%) and the total with taxes for prices from $1 to $1,000, rounded to the cent as on a receipt.
Health & sport
- BMI chartBody mass index for adults by height and weight, in metric or imperial, shaded from underweight to obesity using the WHO bands.
- Ideal weight by height chartIdeal body weight for men and women from 150 to 200 cm by the Devine, Robinson, Miller and Hamwi formulas, next to the healthy BMI weight range.
- Daily calorie needs by ageCalories per day to maintain weight by age (20 to 80) and activity level, for a reference man (80 kg, 180 cm) and woman (65 kg, 165 cm).
- Running pace chartFinish times for 5 km, 10 km, half marathon and marathon at every pace from 3:00 to 8:00 per km or 5:00 to 13:00 per mile, with the matching speed.
- Heart rate zones by ageMaximum heart rate and the five training zones (50% to 100% of max) for ages 20 to 80, with the 220 − age and Tanaka estimates side by side.
- Water intake by weight chartHow much water to drink a day by body weight, from 45 to 120 kg or 100 to 260 lb, with extra water for 30, 60 or 90 minutes of exercise.
- Body fat percentage chartHealthy body fat ranges for men and women by age, from 20 to 79, with the underfat, overfat and obese thresholds.
- Dog age chartDog years to human years from 1 to 16, by size (small, medium, large, giant), with the newer epigenetic formula 16 ln(age) + 31 alongside.
- BMR chart by age and weightBasal metabolic rate in kcal per day by weight (50 to 120 kg) and age (20 to 70), for men and women at four heights, by the Mifflin-St Jeor equation.
- Protein intake by body weightGrams of protein per day by body weight and activity, from the 0.8 g/kg recommended allowance to 2.2 g/kg for strength training, in kg or lb.
- Macros by goal chartGrams of protein, carbohydrate and fat per day for 1,200 to 3,600 kcal, with splits for maintaining weight, losing fat, building muscle or eating low carb.
- Calories burned walking chartCalories burned walking for 30 minutes or an hour by body weight and speed, from 3.2 to 7.2 km/h (2 to 4.5 mph), using MET values.
- Calories burned running chartCalories burned running for 30 minutes or an hour by body weight and pace, from 12:00 to 6:00 per mile (7:27 to 3:44 per km), using MET values.
- Steps to km chartHow many kilometres or miles are in 1,000 and 10,000 steps, and how many steps make a km or a mile, by height for men and women.
- Sleep cycle calculator chart: when to wake upWake-up times for every bedtime from 8 PM to 1:30 AM after 4, 5 or 6 full 90-minute sleep cycles, allowing 15 minutes to fall asleep.
- Pregnancy weeks to months chartEach week of pregnancy from 1 to 40 converted to months, with the month of pregnancy, the trimester and the weeks left until the due date.
- One-rep max percentage chartTraining loads from 50% to 95% of your one-rep max (1RM), in kg or lb, with the number of reps each percentage allows by the Brzycki formula.
- Cycling speed chartHow long a 10, 20, 40 or 100 km ride takes at average speeds from 10 to 40 km/h, or 10 to 100 miles at 8 to 26 mph.
- Swimming pace chartSwim times for 400 m, 750 m, 1,500 m, 1,900 m and 3,800 m at every pace from 1:20 to 3:20 per 100 m, the triathlon swim distances included.
- Waist-to-height ratio chartWaist-to-height ratio by height and waist size, in cm or inches, shaded from healthy (0.4 to 0.49) to increased (0.5 to 0.59) and high risk (0.6 and over).
Math
- Multiplication tableMultiplication table from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12, or up to 20 × 20, with every product shaded from smallest to largest.
- Squares and square roots tableSquares, square roots and cubes of every whole number from 1 to 100, with square roots to four decimals.
- Fraction to decimal to percent chartEvery fraction in lowest terms with a denominator from 2 to 16, as a decimal and as a percentage.
- Roman numerals chartRoman numerals from 1 to 100, plus common years and milestones up to 3999 (MMMCMXCIX).
- Geometry formulas: area, perimeter and volumeArea, perimeter, surface area and volume formulas for 15 common 2D and 3D shapes, each with a worked example.
- Physics formulas cheat sheetThe core mechanics and electricity formulas (speed, force, energy, power, pressure, Ohm's law) with SI units and a worked example each.
- Ohm's law formulas and tableAll 12 Ohm's law and power formulas for voltage, current, resistance and watts, worked out for common voltages and resistors.
- Wire gauge chart (AWG) with ampsAmerican Wire Gauge sizes from 4/0 to 40 AWG: diameter in mm and inches, cross-section in mm², and copper ampacity at 60, 75 and 90 °C.
- Prime numbers from 1 to 1000All 168 prime numbers up to 1000, ten per row, from 2 to 997.
- Powers of 2 tableEvery power of two from 2⁰ to 2⁶⁴, written out in full, with what each one means in computing (bytes, KiB, MiB, GiB, IPv4).
- Factorial table (0! to 25!)Factorials from 0! to 25!, written out in full with exact integer arithmetic, and the number of digits of each.
- Percentage table: x% of a numberQuick lookup of 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 75% of numbers from 10 to 1,000.
- Percent increase and decrease tablePercentage change from one value to another, for starting and ending values from 10 to 200, increases and decreases.
- Binary, decimal and hex conversion tableDecimal numbers 0 to 255 in 8-bit binary, hexadecimal and octal: every value a single byte can hold.
- ASCII table (printable characters)The 95 printable ASCII characters, codes 32 to 126, with decimal, hexadecimal and binary values.
- Trigonometry table: sin, cos, tanSine, cosine and tangent of every angle from 0° to 90° in 5° steps, with radians, to four decimals.
- Logarithm table (log and ln, 1 to 100)Common logarithm (log₁₀), natural logarithm (ln) and base-2 logarithm of every whole number from 1 to 100, to four decimals.
- Pascal's triangle (rows 0 to 15)Pascal's triangle up to row 15, laid out as a table: each entry is the binomial coefficient C(n, k).
- Cubes and cube roots table (1 to 100)Cube and cube root of every whole number from 1 to 100, with cube roots to four decimals.
- Unit circle chartThe unit circle's key angles in degrees and radians (π/6, π/4, π/3…), with exact and decimal sine and cosine for the whole turn.
Science
- Periodic table with molar massesStandard atomic weight (molar mass in g/mol) of all 118 elements, with atomic number and symbol, from the IUPAC abridged table.
- Metric prefixes chartAll 24 SI prefixes from quecto (10⁻³⁰) to quetta (10³⁰), with symbol, power of ten and decimal value.
- Physical constants tableFundamental physical constants with symbol, value and SI unit: speed of light, Planck, Boltzmann, Avogadro, gravitation, electron mass, CODATA 2022.
- Speed of sound by temperatureSpeed of sound in dry air from −30 °C to 40 °C, in m/s, km/h and ft/s: sound travels faster as air warms up.
- Boiling point of water by altitudeWater boiling point and air pressure from sea level to 5,000 m (16,000 ft), in °C and °F, from the standard atmosphere.
- Density of common materialsDensity of metals, building materials, liquids, wood and plastics in kg/m³, lb/ft³ and g/cm³, sorted from lightest to heaviest.
Home & DIY
- Paint coverage chartLitres or US gallons of paint for 10 to 120 m² (100 to 1,200 sq ft) of wall, for one, two or three coats.
- How many bags of concrete do I need?Bags of premixed concrete for a slab by size and thickness, in 30 kg, 40 kg, 60 lb and 80 lb bags, 5% waste included.
- Lumber dimensions: nominal vs actual sizeActual size of dimensional lumber (1×2 to 6×6) in inches and millimetres, with board feet per linear foot.
- BTU by room sizeAir conditioner and heater size in BTU per hour for rooms of 10 to 80 m² (100 to 800 sq ft).
- How many drywall sheets do I need?Number of 4×8 and 4×12 drywall sheets for 10 to 150 m² (100 to 1,600 sq ft) of wall or ceiling, 10% waste included.
- Pool volume chartWater volume of rectangular, round and oval pools in litres and US gallons, by size and average depth.
- How many tiles do I need?Number of tiles for 2 to 50 m² (20 to 500 sq ft) by tile size, from 200 × 200 mm to 600 × 1200 mm, 10% waste included.
- Roofing squares and shingle bundlesRoofing squares and bundles of shingles for 50 to 300 m² (500 to 3,500 sq ft) of roof, with and without 10% waste.
- How many deck boards do I need?Linear metres or feet of deck boards by deck size and board width (89, 140, 184 mm or 3½, 5½, 7¼ in), 10% waste included.
- How much mulch do I need?Mulch by bed area and depth, in cubic metres, 50 L bags, cubic yards or 2 cu ft bags, for 5 to 100 m² (50 to 1,000 sq ft).
- How much gravel do I need?Gravel by area and depth in tonnes, cubic metres, US tons or cubic yards, for 5 to 100 m² (50 to 1,000 sq ft), at 1,600 kg/m³.
- How many rolls of wallpaper do I need?Rolls of standard wallpaper (10.05 m × 53 cm) by room perimeter and wall height, with no repeat or a 32, 53 or 64 cm pattern repeat.
- Insulation R-value chartR-value per inch and RSI per 25 mm of common insulation and building materials, from spray foam and XPS to fibreglass, wood and concrete.
- Stair rise and run chartNumber of steps, riser height, tread depth and total run for a total rise of 2,000 to 3,600 mm, using the 2R + T ≈ 630 mm comfort rule.
- Appliance electricity cost chartWatts, daily use, kWh per month and monthly cost of 19 household appliances at $0.08 to $0.30 per kWh.
- Extension cord gauge chartMinimum AWG wire gauge for a 120 V extension cord by length (10 to 150 ft) and load (5 to 20 A), for a 3% or 5% voltage drop.
Cooking
- Flour cups to gramsHow many grams in a cup of flour: all-purpose, bread, cake, whole wheat, self-rising, pastry, rye and almond flour, from ⅛ cup to 4 cups.
- Sugar cups to gramsHow many grams in a cup of sugar: granulated, packed brown, powdered, honey and maple syrup, from ⅛ cup to 4 cups.
- Butter conversion chartButter sticks to cups, tablespoons, grams and ounces: one US stick is ½ cup, 8 tablespoons and 113 grams.
- Safe internal temperatures for meatSafe minimum internal cooking temperatures for beef, pork, poultry, ground meat, fish, eggs and leftovers in °C and °F, from Health Canada and USDA.
- Baking pan sizes and conversionsBaking pan sizes with area, volume in cups and litres, and the closest substitute pan: round, square, 9 × 13, sheet and loaf pans.
- Rice to water ratio chartHow much water for rice: ratio, water per cup, cooking time and cooked yield for white, jasmine, basmati, brown, parboiled, arborio and wild rice.
Automotive & travel
- Fuel cost by distanceFuel cost for trips of 50 to 3,000 km by consumption (5 to 15 L/100 km), at fuel prices from $1.40 to $2.00 a litre.
- Tire size chartOverall diameter, sidewall height and revolutions per km for common tire sizes, from 175/65R14 to 285/70R17.
- Stopping distance by speedReaction, braking and total stopping distance on a dry road from 20 to 130 km/h, for a reaction time of 1, 1.5 or 2 seconds.
- EV charging time chartHours to charge an electric car from 10% to 80% by battery size (40 to 120 kWh) and charger power, from a 3.6 kW outlet to a 150 kW fast charger.
- Travel time by speed and distanceDriving time in hours for 10 to 1,000 km at average speeds from 30 to 120 km/h, without stops.
Time & date
- Minutes to decimal hours chartConvert 1 to 60 minutes to decimal hours for timesheets and payroll, rounded to two decimals with the exact value.
- Military time chartMilitary time (0000 to 2300) with the matching 24-hour and 12-hour AM/PM clock times, including midnight and noon.
- Day of the year calendar 2027Day number (1 to 365) of every date in 2027 and 2026, month by month, for Julian-date logs, production codes and countdowns.
- Week numbers 2027ISO 8601 week numbers for 2027 and 2026 with the Monday and Sunday of each week, as used in Canadian, European and business calendars.
- How many days in each monthNumber of days in each month of the year, in a common year and in a leap year, with the hours in each month and the leap-year rule.
Technology
- Download time by internet speedMinutes to download files from 1 GB to 150 GB at internet speeds from 10 Mbps to 1 Gbps, for games, movies and backups.
- Screen resolution and PPI chartPixel density (PPI) of screens from 5.5 to 65 inches at 720p, 1080p, 1440p, 4K and 5K, for phones, laptops, monitors and TVs.
- Video file size by bitrateVideo file size per minute and per hour for bitrates from 1 to 400 Mbps, from streaming to camera recording.