Combined Ratio
Calculator

Inputs

Loss ratio
62

Results

Loss ratio
62
Expense ratio
26.666666
Combined ratio
88.666666
Underwriting profit
11.333333

Insurance and risk results

Loss ratio62
Expense ratio26.666666
Combined ratio88.666666
Underwriting profit11.333333

formula-map diagram

Loss ratio
62
Expense ratio
26.666666
Combined ratio
88.666666
Underwriting profit
11.333333

Coverage and risk relationship

Formula

Combined ratio = losses ÷ earned premium + expenses ÷ written premium

= 62

Note

This is generic arithmetic using the amounts, rates and factors you entered. It is not an insurance quote, a policy interpretation, or financial advice. No insurer rate, jurisdiction rule, statutory limit or policy wording is built in. Real premiums and payouts depend on underwriting, your policy's exact terms and exclusions, and applicable regulation; confirm with your insurer or a licensed professional.

More in Insurance and risk

See all →

Frequently asked questions

How does the combined ratio differ from the loss ratio alone?+

The combined ratio adds the expense ratio (operating costs as a percentage of premium) to the loss ratio, giving a complete picture of underwriting profitability, whereas the loss ratio alone only captures claims costs.

What does a combined ratio below 100% mean?+

It means the insurer earned an underwriting profit: premiums collected exceeded claims paid plus operating expenses, before factoring in investment income, which is a separate source of profitability.

Can an insurer be profitable with a combined ratio above 100%?+

Yes, many insurers operate with combined ratios slightly above 100% and remain profitable overall because they earn investment income on the premiums (the 'float') they hold before claims are paid out.

Why does the combined ratio vary so much by insurance line?+

Lines with more predictable, frequent, smaller claims (like auto) tend to run tighter combined ratios, while catastrophe-exposed lines (like property in hurricane zones) see more volatile ratios that spike in bad years and dip in quiet years.

What's a typical 'good' combined ratio in the industry?+

Ratios in the 90-100% range are generally considered healthy and sustainable for most property and casualty lines, though highly efficient insurers in stable lines sometimes achieve consistently lower ratios.